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The incidence of placenta accreta (PA) is globally increasing. Accurate prenatal diagnosis of placental implantation and depth can significantly improve maternal outcomes. At present, ultrasound is the first choice for screening and diagnosis of PA, but contains some limits. As the promptly technologic advancing, MRI has become an important approach for diagnosing PA. The research progresses of MRI in diagnosis of PA were reviewed in this article.
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Objective To investigate the effect of dietary glycemic load (GL) on the blood glucose level in women with impaired glucose regulation. Methods A total of 120 women with impaired glucose regulation aged from 40 to 79 were enrolled from Guangzhou community to participate in the epidemiological survey on dia-betes mellitus, and were followed up for 12 months. Continues 24 -hour dietary review of 3 days were completed before and after intervention. The dietary GI, GL and the changes of blood glucose level during the 12-month follow-up were analyzed. Results Ninety-nine subjects completed the 12-month follow-up. According to the GL change percentage (ΔGL), all of the subjects were divided into three groups, including group Ⅰ(ΔGL < -30%)、group Ⅱ(ΔGL -30% ~ -10%) and group Ⅲ (ΔGL≥-10%). The reductions of HbA1c in group Ⅰ and groupⅡ were greater than that in group Ⅲ (P < 0.05). Conclusion To lowering dietary GL at 10% or more should be conductive to reduce HbA1C of women with inpaired glucose regulation.
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Objective To investigate the status of dietary fiber ( DF ) and dietary glycemic load ( GL ) in middle-aged and elderly population, and to analyze the correlation of DF and GL with abnormal glucose metabolism. Methods Subjects aged 40-79 years came from Guangzhou community. Dietary nutrients intakes were assessed by continuous 24 hours review for 3 days. Correlation of abnormal glucose metabolism with GL and DF and their interaction were analyzed as quintiles of the distribution. Results Of 1 832 subjects, there were 990 subjects (54. 0%) with normal glucose tolerance, 640 (34. 9%) with IGR, and 202 (11. 0%) newly-diagnosed diabetes mellitus(DM). AverageDFintakeofsubjectswas(11.5±4.5)g/dandaverageGLintakewas(181.0±7.5)/d. Compared with the highest quintile group of total DF intake, the risk of abnormal glucose metabolism in the lowest quintile group was increased[OR=1. 99, 95% CI (1. 48,2. 67)], with increased IGR risk[OR=1. 85, 95% CI (1.34,2.57)]andDMrisk[OR=2.36,95% CI(1.50,3.73)]. ComparedwiththelowestquintilegroupofGL intake, the risk of abnormal glucose metabolism in the highest quintile group was increased [ OR=1. 58, 95% CI (1. 18, 2. 13)], and with increased IGR risk[OR=1. 75, 95%CI(1. 26, 2. 42)] and DM risk[OR=1. 22, 95%CI(0. 77, 1. 94)]. The lowest quintile of DF and the highest quintile of GL was associated with the risk of increased abnormal glucose metabolism[OR=3. 43, 95%CI(1. 41, 8. 36)]. Conclusion Abnormal glucose metabolism was negatively related with DF and positively related with GL.
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To discuss the relationship between dietary glycemic load (GL) and blood glucose and lipid,201 patients with newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetes and 126 subjects with normal glucose tolerance were enrolled,who were all above 40 years old and permanently lived in communities of Guangzhou.GL,blood glucose and lipid were assessed based on 3-d dietary records.The results showed that the level of dietary glycemic load in diabetic patients was significantly higher than control group (169.61 ± 44.83 vs 157.50 ± 38.47,P＜0.05).Correlation analysis showed that dietary GL was positively correlated with body mass index and HbA1C,and negatively correlated with HDL-C in diabetic patients (all P＜0.05).Adjusted for age and sex by multiple regression,the result was the same.Therefore,dietary with high level of GL may be associated with the occurrence of type 2 diabetes,and is closely related to glucose control and blood lipid metabolism suggesting the necessity to control the level of dietary GL in the nutritional therapy for diabetic patients.
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ObjectiveTo investigate the dietary intake of phytosterols in middle-aged and elderly residents in Guangzhou.Methods The dietary data were collected from 599 middle-aged and elderly residents (222 men and 377 women) recruited by stratified cluster random sampling in Guangzhou.All the subjects were surveyed using Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ).The dietary intake of phytosterols was estimated using Chinese data of phytosterol composition of a range of foods.ResultsThe dietary intake of total phytosterols was 336.36 ±142.88 mg/d,which included β-sitosterol 218.53 ± 95.20 mg/d,campesterol 48.33 ± 23.69 mg/d,stigmasterol 36.40 ± 14.38 mg/d,β-sitostanol 30.65 ± 13.62 mg/d,and campestanol 4.67 ±2.77 mg/d.Women had a significantly higher intake of phytosterols than men [ (345.45 ±141.06) mg/d vs.(320.93 ±144.95) mg/d,P=0.0425].Edible oil,vegetable,cereal,and fruit were the four major food sources of phytosterols,representing 37.2％,19.8％,18.5％,and 12.5％ of the total phytosterols intake respectively.Energy-adjusted intake of phytosterols was (42.94 ± 15.66) mg/1000 kJ,and women had a significantly higher intake than men [ (46.04 ±15.90) mg/1000 kJ vs.(37.69 ± 13.76) mg/1000 kJ,P =0.0000 ].ConclusionAmong the middle-aged and elderly residents in Guangzhou,women have higher phytosterols intake than men.